{"id":6193,"date":"2025-12-24T15:13:32","date_gmt":"2025-12-24T15:13:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/?p=6193"},"modified":"2025-12-24T16:26:56","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T16:26:56","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1-%da%a9%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%b3%db%8c%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/1404\/10\/03\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1-%da%a9%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%b3%db%8c%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%87\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00bb\u061b \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0686\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0647 \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"p5\" dir=\"rtl\"><b>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b> \u00ab<\/b><\/span><b>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>\u00bb <\/b><\/span><b>\u0627\u062b\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0633\u06cc\u062f<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc\u060c<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0628\u0627<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u0632<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0646<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0648<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u060c<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0646\u0634\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0634\u062f<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p6\" dir=\"rtl\"><span class=\"s1\">\u0648\u0627\u0698\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc:\u00a0<\/span><b>\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0633\u06cc\u062f<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc\u060c<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u060c<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb<\/span>\u060c \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u06f3\u06f1\u06f3 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <b>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/b> \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc <b>\u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646<\/b> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u06cc <span class=\"s2\">(<\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645<span class=\"s2\">) <\/span>\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0634\u0641<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb <\/span>\u0634\u0634\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p6\" dir=\"rtl\"><span class=\"s1\">\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0646<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p5\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634 <b>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/b> \u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0686\u0648\u0646<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0633<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb <\/span>\u0648<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u0648<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb<\/span>\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0648\u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb (<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0631\u0631<span class=\"s2\">)<\/span>\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p6\" dir=\"rtl\"><span class=\"s1\">\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p4\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a<span class=\"s2\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u200c\u0646\u06af\u0631<span class=\"s2\">: <\/span>\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u0622\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0647<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0631<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0647 \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06f2<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u067e\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u0647<span class=\"s2\">: <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc\u0642 \u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0648\u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc<span class=\"s2\"> (Isotopy) <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0633<span class=\"s2\"> &#8211; <\/span>\u0631\u0645<span class=\"s2\">(<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0633<span class=\"s2\">&#8211; <\/span>\u0627\u06a9\u0648<span class=\"s2\">)<\/span>\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p4\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06f3<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u06a9\u0634\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0648\u06cc<span class=\"s2\"> (Ring Composition): <\/span>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0634\u0641 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0632\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0622\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631<span class=\"s2\"> (Context) <\/span>\u06a9\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06f4<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc<span class=\"s2\">: <\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0623\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p6\" dir=\"rtl\"><span class=\"s1\">\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p4\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632<span class=\"s2\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li4\" dir=\"rtl\"><b>\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u0648\u0644<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>:<\/b> <\/span>\u062a\u0628\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0648\u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li4\" dir=\"rtl\"><b>\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u062f\u0648\u0645<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>:<\/b> <\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0647\u0641\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li4\" dir=\"rtl\"><b>\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0633\u0648\u0645<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>:<\/b> <\/span>\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/li>\n<li class=\"li5\" dir=\"rtl\"><b>\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>:<\/b> <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0648\u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc<span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<span class=\"s2\">&#8211; <\/span>\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647<span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p6\" dir=\"rtl\"><span class=\"s1\">\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647: \u06a9\u0634\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0648\u06cc<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u060c \u062a\u0628\u06cc\u06cc\u0646<span class=\"s2\"> <b>\u00ab<\/b><\/span><b>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0648\u06cc<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>\u00bb (Ring Composition)<\/b> <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u06a9 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p6\" dir=\"rtl\"><span class=\"s1\">\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p5\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u0647 \u0642\u0645 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u200c\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0647\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628<span class=\"s2\"> \u00ab<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u06cc<span class=\"s2\">\u00bb <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u06f7\u06f0 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0622\u0644\u200c\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0647\u060c \u06cc\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0631\u0639\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"p6\" dir=\"rtl\"><span class=\"s1\">\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p4\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a <b>\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/b> \u062a\u0647\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<span class=\"s2\">. <\/span>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646<span class=\"s2\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li4\" dir=\"rtl\"><b>\u062f\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>:<\/b> <\/span>\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u067e\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0645<span class=\"s2\"> <b>\u00ab<\/b><\/span><b>\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0686\u0647<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>\u00bb<\/b> <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li4\" dir=\"rtl\"><b>\u062f\u0631<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u0632<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>:<\/b> <\/span>\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u062a<span class=\"s2\"> <b>\u00ab<\/b><\/span><b>\u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/b><b> <\/b><b>\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646<\/b><span class=\"s2\"><b>\u00bb<\/b> <\/span>\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f<span class=\"s2\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p9\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"s4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/opac.nlai.ir\/opac-prod\/search\/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&amp;id=9949457&amp;pageStatus=0&amp;sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&amp;sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author\">https:\/\/opac.nlai.ir\/opac-prod\/search\/briefListSearch.do?command=FULL_VIEW&amp;id=9949457&amp;pageStatus=0&amp;sortKeyValue1=sortkey_title&amp;sortKeyValue2=sortkey_author<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p9\"><span class=\"s4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/taaghche.com\/book\/229561\/%25D8%25AA%25D9%2581%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25B3%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1-%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25DB%258C-%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%2587-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585\">https:\/\/taaghche.com\/book\/229561\/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00bb \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f. \u0648\u0627\u0698\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc:\u00a0\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u06a9\u0648\u060c \u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9. \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00bb\u060c \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0631 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6195,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[41],"tags":[1019,1017,1018,293,1021,1022,227,66,1020,945,129],"class_list":["post-6193","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-41","tag-1019","tag-1017","tag-1018","tag-293","tag-1021","tag-1022","tag-227","tag-66","tag-1020","tag-945","tag-129"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00bb\u061b \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0686\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0647 \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00bb\u060c \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u06f3\u06f1\u06f3 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/1404\/10\/03\/\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631-\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631-\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/1404\/10\/03\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1-%da%a9%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%b3%db%8c%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%87\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/1404\/10\/03\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1-%da%a9%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%b3%db%8c%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%87\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/#\/schema\/person\/382c57a75c42abd358876bde3e1df00d\"},\"headline\":\"\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc 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