{"id":4424,"date":"2019-02-22T09:38:27","date_gmt":"2019-02-22T09:38:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/?p=4424"},"modified":"2025-07-26T02:42:30","modified_gmt":"2025-07-26T02:42:30","slug":"%d9%be%db%8c%d8%b4%da%af%d9%81%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%81%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%b3%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%ad%d8%b3%db%8c%d9%86-%d9%86%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/1397\/12\/03\/%d9%be%db%8c%d8%b4%da%af%d9%81%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%81%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%b3%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%ad%d8%b3%db%8c%d9%86-%d9%86%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b4\/","title":{"rendered":"\u067e\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u00ab\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u00ad 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\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u00ad\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u00ad\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0622\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u00ad \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u00ad\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u00ad\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u00ad \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0634\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f.(The Structure of Rumi\u2019s Mathnawi, London, 2006) \u0648\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0648\u0634\u00ad\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u00ad\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06cc\u061b \u0622\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u00ab\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0647\u00bb \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u00ad \u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0631\u0641\u0636\u06cc\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u00ab\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u00ad \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u00bb (\u0642\u0645.\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u00ad-\u00ad\u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647. \u06f1\u06f3\u06f9\u06f6\u0634.) \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u06f1\u06f2\u06f0\u06f0 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647\u00ad\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u00ad\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647\u00ad \u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647\u00ad\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0646. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u06cc\u0633 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u061b \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u00ad \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u00ad \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062a\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u00ad\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u00ad \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u00ad \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0627\u062c\u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0632\u0628\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u00ad\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc) \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u00ad\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06cc\u0642\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u00ad\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u06a9\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0642 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u00ad\u06a9\u0646\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0631 \u0686\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062c \u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648 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