{"id":4160,"date":"2017-09-24T05:37:05","date_gmt":"2017-09-24T05:37:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/?p=4160"},"modified":"2025-07-26T02:40:26","modified_gmt":"2025-07-26T02:40:26","slug":"%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b4%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d9%82%d8%b1%d8%a2%d9%86-%da%a9%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%85-%d8%a8%d9%87-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%be%d8%b1%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/1396\/07\/02\/%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b4%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d9%82%d8%b1%d8%a2%d9%86-%da%a9%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%85-%d8%a8%d9%87-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%be%d8%b1%d8%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0 \u201c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u201d \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u067e\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f."},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0634\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u0627\u064b \u00a0\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u06a9\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u061b \u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u06cc\u0627\u0647\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u063a\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647\u00ad\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f. \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u00ab\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u00bb \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u200f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u00ad\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c\u00a0 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634\u200f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u200f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u200f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u00ad\u062f\u0647\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06a9\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0646\u00a0 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u064e \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u062d\u06a9\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0648\u062b\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u0647 \u0642\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u00ad\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc: \u062d\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u06cc<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc: \u0622\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0634\u0627\u060c \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u062d\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0632\u0651\u062a\u06cc_\u067e\u0631\u0648 \u0648 \u062d\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0647\u0627<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0647\u0627<\/span>.<\/span> \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647: \u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0642\u0645. \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u067e\u062e\u0634:\u00a0\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f <\/span>\u06f2\u06f1<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633: \u00a0<\/span>\u06f2\u06f2\u06f8\u06f6\u06f9\u06f2\u06f1\u06f7 \u2013 \u06f8\u06f8\u06f3\u06f9\u06f2\u06f5\u06f1\u06f6 \u2013 \u06f8\u06f8\u06f9\u06f9\u06f2\u06f9\u06f6\u06f1<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

chap.emruz@gmail.com<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u201c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u201d \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u067e\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0645 \u0648 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0647\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06f1\u06f3\u06f9\u06f6 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u06cc \u062a\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,752,18,41],"tags":[758,293,227],"class_list":["post-4160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-headline","category-752","category-18","category-41","tag-758","tag-293","tag-227"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u00a0 \u201c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u201d \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u067e\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u201c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u201d \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u067e\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0645 \u0648 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0647\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06f1\u06f3\u06f9\u06f6 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628\u06cc \u062a\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/1396\/07\/02\/\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647-\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631-\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646-\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u0631\u067e\u0631\u0633\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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