{"id":2600,"date":"2013-08-05T22:50:20","date_gmt":"2013-08-05T22:50:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/?p=2600"},"modified":"2022-11-22T06:15:45","modified_gmt":"2022-11-22T06:15:45","slug":"%da%86%d9%87%d9%84-%d9%86%da%a9%d8%aa%d9%87-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iranianstudies.org\/fa\/1392\/05\/14\/%da%86%d9%87%d9%84-%d9%86%da%a9%d8%aa%d9%87-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0686\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u06cc(\u06f1)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0670\u0647\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u06cc\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064e\u06cc\u064f\u0651\u0648\u0645\u064f<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0642 \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u06cc<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f1. \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0639\u0634\u0642\u060c \u067e\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/span>
\n\u06f2. \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u060c \u0627\u062d\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span>
\n\u06f3. \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0630\u0631\u062f.<\/span>
\n\u06f4. \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0637\u0644\u0648\u0639 \u0648 \u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u064e \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0641 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0644\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/span>
\n\u06f5. \u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span>
\n\u06f6. \u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span>
\n\u06f7. \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span>
\n\u06f8. \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0641\u06a9\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/span>
\n\u06f9. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span>
\n\u06f1\u06f0 . \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06c0 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632\u06cc \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f1\u06f1 . \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f1\u06f2 . \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0633 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f1\u06f3 . \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0650 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u06a9\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f1\u06f4 . \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f1\u06f5 . \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0630\u0627\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0630\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f1\u06f6 . \u062f\u0631 \u0630\u06a9\u0631\u0650 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0642\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f1\u06f7 . \u062f\u0631 \u0630\u06a9\u0631\u0650 \u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0642\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0630\u0627\u06a9\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f1\u06f8 . \u062f\u0631 \u0630\u06a9\u0631\u0650 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0630\u0627\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0630\u06a9\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f1\u06f9 . \u0647\u0646\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f0 . \u0647\u0646\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u0650 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0650 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f1 . \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f2 . \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f3 . \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u06c0 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u0631\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f4 . \u0647\u0646\u0631\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0634 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f5 . \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f6 . \u0645\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0642\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0628 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u063a\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f7 . \u0635\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u063a\u0645\u0647 \u0648 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f8 . \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f9 . \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u06a9\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u067e\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f3\u06f0 . \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06c0 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f3\u06f1 . \u0633\u0627\u0644\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f3\u06f2 . \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062e\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f3\u06f3 . \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u06cc\u0628 \u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0628\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f3\u06f4 . \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06a9\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f3\u06f5 . \u062e\u0644\u0648\u062a \u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f3\u06f6 . \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f3\u06f7 . \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0645\u0634\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f3\u06f8 . \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f3\u06f9 . \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f4\u06f0. \u0627\u064e\u062d\u0648\u064e\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0647<\/b> .<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u06f2\u06f3\u00a0 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u06f1\u06f3\u06f9\u06f2<\/span><\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0698\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u06cc:<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

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